内容来源：https://www.theverge.com/news/889578/data-center-power-pledge-white-house-google-meta-microsoft

内容总结：

美国七大科技巨头签署协议，承诺承担数据中心电网升级成本

当地时间今日，谷歌、Meta、微软、甲骨文、OpenAI、亚马逊及马斯克旗下xAI七家美国科技巨头的负责人，与前总统唐纳德·特朗普会面，共同签署了一项“费率支付者保护承诺”。此举旨在回应两党日益增长的担忧，即随着科技公司与特朗普政府大力推进新一代人工智能数据中心建设，可能导致居民电费上涨。

该承诺要求签署公司为满足数据中心激增的电力需求而必需的电网升级支付费用。特朗普在签署仪式上表示：“（科技公司）需要一些公关帮助，因为人们认为，一旦数据中心入驻，他们的电费就会上涨。一些社区因此拒绝了数据中心，而现在我认为情况将会逆转。”

随着训练和运行生成式人工智能模型需要巨大电力，科技公司正急于平息各地对新建数据中心的反对声浪。据倡导组织“气候力量”去年12月的报告，2025年美国家庭电费账单全国平均上涨了13%。美国能源部估计，到2028年，数据中心的电力需求可能翻番甚至增至三倍。

根据公告，这七家公司已“接受费率支付者保护承诺的条款”，且“其中体现的承诺实现了美国的国家政策”。但公告同时指出，公司仍需与公用事业公司和州政府“自愿协商”具体协议。

特朗普表示，这些公司将在“可能的情况下”负责为电网增加容量，并承担升级现有电力基础设施以满足增长需求的成本。此外，公司应与公用事业公司协商单独的费率结构，以确保其为数据中心对电网造成的额外负担支付公平费用。即使数据中心最终未使用全部新增电力，公司也需承担这些成本。这是一项关键措施，可缓解当地社区对为可能因AI热潮消退而沦为搁浅资产的新建电厂和输电线路买单的担忧。

承诺还包括在电力短缺时“尽可能提供备用发电资源”以支持本地电网，这有助于在严寒或酷热等用电高峰期间防止停电。去年，得克萨斯州已通过法律，授权当地电网运营商在紧急情况下削减数据中心的用电。

SpaceX总裁兼首席运营官格温·肖特维尔（该公司近期宣布与xAI合并，并计划向太空发射数据中心）在会上表示，xAI将建设一座12吉瓦的发电厂作为其超级计算机的主要电源，并为“每个新增数据中心”配套开发相应发电能力。xAI还计划扩展其Megapack储能装置，为田纳西州孟菲斯和密西西比州南黑文提供备用电力。此前，全美有色人种协进会已两次威胁就xAI在田纳西和密西西比为数据中心供电而安装的临时燃气轮机造成的污染提起诉讼。

该承诺亦包含从数据中心建设所在地社区招聘员工的条款。Meta同日宣布，已在俄亥俄州启动一项光纤技术员培训试点项目，部分参与培训者出席了今日的活动。

中文翻译：

谷歌、Meta、微软、甲骨文、OpenAI、亚马逊及xAI等科技企业领袖今日与唐纳德·特朗普总统会面，共同签署了"电费支付方保护承诺书"。这是科技行业与特朗普政府争相建设新一代人工智能数据中心之际，针对两党对电价上涨日益加剧的担忧所采取的应对举措之一。

七家科技巨头签署了特朗普提出的防止数据中心周边电费激增承诺书。该承诺书要求企业为满足数据中心激增的电力需求而承担电网升级费用。

"科技公司需要公关支持，因为民众认为数据中心建成会导致电价上涨，"特朗普在活动中表示，"部分社区因此拒绝数据中心建设，现在我认为情况将发生逆转。"

特朗普在圆桌会议上签署公告正式推出电费支付方保护承诺，延续了上周国情咨文演讲中的主张。公告声明"这些企业将建设、引入或采购满足其能源需求的新一代电力资源，并承担服务其数据中心所需的所有新建输配电基础设施升级费用。"

此举正值科技公司竭力平息民众对数据中心日益增长的反对声浪——训练和运行生成式人工智能模型需要消耗巨量电力。据倡导组织"气候力量"去年12月报告，2025年全美家庭电费账单上涨了13%。能源部预估，到2028年数据中心电力需求可能翻倍甚至增至三倍。

公告显示，与会的七家公司"已接受电费支付方保护承诺条款"，且"其中体现的承诺将落实美国国家政策"。但补充说明企业仍需与公用事业公司及州政府"自愿协商"协议。

总统表示企业将在"可能情况下"负责增加电网容量，并承担升级现有电力基础设施以满足增长需求的相关费用。特朗普强调企业应与公用事业公司协商独立费率结构，以确保为数据中心给电网带来的额外压力支付公平费用。即使数据中心最终未完全使用新增发电量，企业仍需承担这些成本。这项关键措施可缓解社区的担忧——若人工智能热潮消退且数据中心项目失败，新建电厂和输电线路成为闲置资产后，当地社区将被迫承担损失。

特朗普称科技巨头将"在必要时利用自身基础设施为本地电网提供备用电力"。在冬季暴风雪或热浪等用电高峰时段减少数据中心耗电量，有助于防止灾难期间的停电事故。今年冬季风暴已引发对新数据中心可能加剧电网压力并推高灾害期间电价的担忧。得克萨斯州去年通过法律授权当地电网运营商在紧急情况下削减数据中心用电。承诺书表述则较为模糊，仅称企业将"尽可能在电力短缺时提供备用发电资源"。

SpaceX总裁兼首席运营官格温·肖特维尔在活动中表示，xAI将建设12吉瓦发电厂作为其超级计算机的主要电源。她称该公司将为"每个新增数据中心"配套建设相应发电设施。xAI还计划扩展其Megapack储能系统，为田纳西州孟菲斯市和密西西比州南黑文市提供备用电源。全国有色人种协进会已因xAI在田纳西和密西西比州为数据中心供电而安装的临时燃气轮机污染问题两度威胁提起诉讼。

该承诺还包括从数据中心建设当地社区招聘员工的条款。Meta今日宣布在俄亥俄州启动光纤技术员培训试点项目，部分参训人员出席了今日活动。

英文来源：

Leaders from Google, Meta, Microsoft, Oracle, OpenAI, Amazon, and xAI met with President Donald Trump today to sign a “rate payer protection pledge.” It’s one way they’re responding to growing bipartisan concerns about electricity rates rising as tech companies and the Trump administration rush to build out a new generation of AI data centers.
Seven tech giants signed Trump’s pledge to keep electricity costs from spiking around data centers
The pledge is supposed to commit companies to paying for grid upgrades needed to meet soaring electricity demand from data centers.
The pledge is supposed to commit companies to paying for grid upgrades needed to meet soaring electricity demand from data centers.
“[Tech companies] need some PR help because people think that if a data center goes in, their electricity prices are going to go up,” Trump said during the event. “Some centers were rejected by communities for that and now I think it’s going to be the opposite.”
Trump signed a proclamation formally introducing the ratepayer protection pledge today during a roundtable event, following up on claims he made during his State of the Union speech last week. The proclamation says that “these companies will build, bring, or buy the new generation resources and electricity needed to satisfy their energy demands, and pay for all new power delivery infrastructure upgrades to service their data centers.”
“People think that if a data center goes in, their electricity prices are going to go up.”
The move comes as tech companies scramble to quell growing opposition to data centers that require tremendous amounts of electricity to train and run generative AI models. Household electricity bills rose 13 percent nationally in 2025, according to a December report from advocacy group Climate Power. And data center electricity demand could double or triple by 2028, the Department of Energy estimates.
According to the proclamation, the seven companies present at the event have “accepted the terms of the Ratepayer Protection Pledge” and that “the commitments embodied therein effectuate the national policy of the United States.” It adds, however, that the companies would still need to “voluntarily negotiate” agreements with utilities and state governments.
The president said that the companies will be responsible for adding capacity to the grid “where possible.” He also said they would cover the costs of upgrading existing power infrastructure to meet growing electricity demand. Trump added that the companies should negotiate separate rate structures with utilities, an attempt at ensuring they pay a fair rate for all the extra pressure a data center puts on the grid. Companies would be on the hook for these costs even if data centers don’t wind up using all of the additional electricity generated. That’s a key measure that could address fears that local communities would be left holding the tab for new power plants and transmission lines that become stranded assets if hype around AI fizzles out and data center projects fall flat.
Trump said that the tech giants would “use their infrastructure to contribute back up power to local grids during times of need.” Reducing how much power a data center uses when electricity demand peaks — during a severe winter storm or heatwave, for example — is a measure that could help prevent power outages during disasters. This year’s winter storms have raised concerns about how new data centers could further stress power grids and hike up electricity prices during disasters. Texas passed a law last year giving the local grid operator the authority to cut data centers’ energy use during an emergency. The pledge itself is more vague, saying that companies would “whenever possible, make available their backup generation resources at times of scarcity.”
During the event, Gwynne Shotwell, President and COO of SpaceX (which recently announced it’s merging with xAI with the idea of pursuing plans to shoot data centers into space), said that xAI would develop a 1.2 gigawatt power plant as its supercomputer’s primary power source. The company would similarly develop as much power generation for “every additional data center,” Shotwell said. xAi also plans to expand its Megapack installation to provide backup power to Memphis, Tennessee and Southaven, Mississippi. The NAACP has already threatened to sue xAI twice over pollution from temporary gas turbines it has installed in Tennessee and Mississippi to power its data centers.
The pledge also includes a commitment to hire from local communities where data centers are under construction. Meta announced today that it launched a pilot program in Ohio to train fiber technicians, including some who attended today’s event.