内容来源：https://blog.google/around-the-globe/google-asia/complying-with-mobile-software-competition-act/

内容总结：

谷歌回应日本新规：安卓与Chrome将增加搜索引擎与浏览器选择界面

日本《移动软件竞争促进法》（MSCA）于今日正式对指定企业生效。谷歌公司发布声明，详细阐述了其为遵守该法规将实施的多项产品调整，核心变化集中于提升用户选择权与开发者灵活性。

主要调整涉及三方面：

1. 新增选择界面：在日本市场的安卓手机及iOS版Chrome应用中，用户将看到搜索引擎和浏览器的选择界面，可便捷切换默认服务。
2. 扩展第三方支付：此前仅面向非游戏应用开放的“用户选择支付”计划，现扩大至所有向日本用户提供应用内数字内容购买的应用程序。开发者可同时接入谷歌支付系统与自有支付渠道。
3. 开放外部购买渠道：谷歌将启动新计划，允许开发者在应用内提供“通过谷歌支付”或“跳转至开发者网站完成购买”的并行选项。该计划采用竞争性费率，但要求开发者满足严格的安全标准。

谷歌强调，其产品设计长期秉持开放原则，部分功能已符合新规要求，例如允许在安卓设备安装第三方应用商店、支持用户自由迁移数据等。公司表示，在与日本公平贸易委员会（JFTC）的18个月协作中，双方就合规方案达成共识，新规中的“正当理由”条款有助于平衡创新与安全需求。

谷歌同时指出，一项近期调查显示79%的日本开发者对通过主流应用商店外渠道分发数字内容的安全风险存在担忧。公司承诺将继续与监管机构及行业协作，在落实新规过程中保障生态安全，避免产生非预期的负面后果。

中文翻译：

遵守日本《移动软件竞争促进法》

根据日本《移动软件竞争促进法》的规定，被指定的公司需从今日起遵守该法案。本篇博客将分享谷歌计划如何遵守该法案，以及您可能会在我们的产品中看到的一些变化。

日本消费者和企业使用谷歌产品的主要变化

• 选择界面：在 Android 和 Chrome 上，您已经可以轻松切换搜索引擎或浏览器。根据《移动软件竞争促进法》，我们将展示选择界面，提示您选择搜索引擎和浏览器。您将开始在日本市场的 Android 手机以及 iOS 手机的 Chrome 应用中看到这些界面。了解更多。

• 应用内支付替代方案：自 2022 年起，日本非游戏类应用的开发者已能够加入我们的"用户选择支付"计划。该计划允许开发者在应用内购买数字内容时，除了提供 Google Play 的支付系统外，还可以提供替代的支付系统。为遵守《移动软件竞争促进法》，我们将把该计划的适用范围扩大到所有向日本用户提供应用内数字内容购买服务的应用。了解更多。

• 在 Google Play 之外购买数字内容：Android 是一个开放且充满活力的平台，为日本开发者带来了新的机遇。我们面临的一个关键挑战是，如何在维持这些机遇并确保持续增长的同时，不引入安全风险和隐患。在此背景下，我们正在推出一项新计划，以增强开发者在 Google Play 上的选择权和灵活性。该计划使开发者能够提供并行选择：既可通过 Google Play 结算进行购买，也可在开发者网站上完成购买。该计划提供具有竞争力的费率，并需遵守重要的用户安全要求。有意参与的开发者现在即可开始注册流程，并很快将能访问相关 API 以全面实施该计划。了解更多。

推动创新，拓展用户选择

我们的产品在开发时始终秉持实用性和选择性的理念。这意味着谷歌已经符合《移动软件竞争促进法》的许多要求。例如：

• 您已经可以在 Android 设备上安装第三方应用商店，并轻松更改 Android 和 Chrome 上的默认设置。
• Android 的开放模式也允许您混合搭配来自不同品牌和开发者的设备与应用程序，使其能与您的智能手机无缝协作。
• 我们确保搜索优先为您提供有用、相关且可靠的信息。
• 我们允许应用开发者在他们的应用中使用替代的浏览器引擎和身份验证服务。
• 十多年来，Google 导出功能一直让您能够从超过 80 项谷歌产品中下载或转移您的数据副本。我们将继续投资开发让用户掌控自己数据的工具。

保护日本安全可靠的创新环境

在过去的 18 个月里，我们与日本公平贸易委员会进行了建设性的合作，并感谢 JFTC 在我们制定合规解决方案过程中的协作。我们感谢 JFTC 对此进程的承诺，以及在我们实施这些变革过程中的密切合作。

在讨论期间，我们分享了其他国家的某些法规如何导致了艰难的权衡取舍，并对用户和企业产生了负面影响。《移动软件竞争促进法》包含重要的保障措施，有助于减少这些担忧。它允许基于"正当理由"来保护网络安全、隐私和用户安全等关键利益。这有助于最大限度地降低因遵守新规而无意中丢失实用功能的风险。

维护我们生态系统的安全性至关重要；最近一项针对日本开发者的调查显示，79% 的开发者对通过主要应用商店之外的渠道分发应用内数字内容相关的安全风险表示担忧。这些发现凸显了正确执行细节的重要性，以及需要进行建设性的监管互动和谨慎执法，以避免这些新规则在推出时产生任何意想不到的后果。

我们将继续与日本公平贸易委员会及业界合作，确保我们继续为日本的所有人提供实用且安全的产品和服务。

英文来源：

Complying with Japan’s Mobile Software Competition Act
Today, the Japan Mobile Software Competition Act (MSCA) comes into force for companies who have been designated. This blog shares how Google is intending to comply and some changes you may see in our products.
The main changes for consumers and businesses using Google’s products in Japan

• Choice screens: Switching your search engine or browser is something you can already do easily on Android and Chrome. Under the MSCA, we will show choice screens that prompt you to select a search engine and browser. You will begin to see these on Android phones in Japan, as well as in the Chrome app on iOS phones. Learn more here.
• Alternative in-app billing: Developers in Japan with non-gaming apps have been able to enroll in our User Choice Billing program since 2022. This program allows developers to offer an alternative billing system alongside Google Play’s billing system for in-app purchases of digital content. To comply with the MSCA, we are expanding the scope of this program to all apps offering in-app purchases of digital content to Japanese users. Learn more here.
• Buying digital content outside Google Play: Android is an open and vibrant platform that has brought new opportunities for Japanese developers. A key challenge for us is to sustain those opportunities and ensure continued growth without introducing security risks and concerns. Building on that context, we're launching a new program which enhances developer choice and flexibility on Google Play. This program enables developers to offer a side by side choice of making a purchase with Google Play Billing or completing the purchase on the developer’s website. The program has a competitive fee offering and is subject to important user safety and security requirements. To take part, developers can begin the onboarding process now and will shortly have access to APIs to fully implement the program. Learn more here.
  Delivering innovation and expanding user choice
  Our products have always been developed with helpfulness and choice in mind. This means that Google already complies with many of the MSCA’s requirements. For example:
• You can already install third-party app stores on Android devices and easily swap defaults on Android and Chrome.
• Android's open model also allows you to mix-and-match devices and apps from different brands and developers to work seamlessly with your smartphone.
• We ensure that Search prioritizes providing you with helpful, relevant and reliable information.
• We allow app developers to use alternative browser engines and authentication services in their apps.
• For over a decade, Google Takeout has given you the ability to download or transfer a copy of your data from more than 80 Google products. We'll continue to invest in tools that put users in control.
  Protecting safe and secure innovation in Japan
  For the past 18 months, we’ve worked constructively with Japan’s Fair Trade Commission (JFTC) and we appreciate the collaboration with the JFTC on our compliance solutions. We are grateful for the JFTC's commitment to this process and close partnership on the changes we are making.
  During our discussions, we shared how some regulations in other countries have led to difficult trade-offs that negatively impacted users and businesses. The MSCA includes important safeguards that can help reduce these concerns. It allows for “justifiable grounds” to protect crucial interests like cybersecurity, privacy and user safety. This helps minimise the risk that useful features aren't unintentionally lost as a result of compliance with new regulation.
  Our ability to maintain the safety and security of our ecosystem is paramount; a recent survey of Japanese developers showed that 79% are concerned about the security risks associated with distributing in-app digital content through channels outside of major app stores. These findings underscore the importance of getting the implementation details right and the need for constructive regulatory engagement and careful enforcement to avoid any unintended consequences as these new rules are rolled out.
  We will continue to work with the Japan Fair Trade Commission and the industry to ensure we continue to offer products and services that are helpful and safe for everyone in Japan.