内容来源：https://lifehacker.com/best-productivity-methods?utm_medium=RSS

内容总结：

高效工作法盘点：七种实用策略助你告别忙乱，掌控时间

在快节奏的现代生活中，选择合适的工作效率方法，往往能让人从杂乱无序变得高效充实。近日，有媒体梳理了七种广受好评的时间管理技巧，它们来源各异、适用场景不同，或许能为寻求提升效率的读者提供新思路。

1. “能量一小时”法
该方法建议每天固定一小时，专注于处理最重要的任务或最热爱的项目。无论是关键工作还是个人兴趣，关键在于每日坚持，必要时甚至可为此调整日程。

2. “十分钟法则”
面对琐碎、耗时短却易拖延的小事（如回邮件、洗碗），立即投入十分钟完成。配合“再来一项”的自问技巧，可逐步培养即时行动的习惯，减少任务堆积。

3. “行动分类法”
将任务分为“行动步骤”“参考资料”与“后备事项”三类，用表格动态管理。类似的方法还包括“ABC优先级分类”，帮助聚焦最紧迫的事项。

4. “3-3-3规划法”
每日计划围绕“三个三”展开：先用三小时深度处理核心项目；再完成三项紧急次要任务；最后做三项维护性工作（如邮件回复）。这种结构兼顾专注与效率。

5. “先吞青蛙”法
源自马克·吐温的比喻，提倡每天优先处理最艰巨、最令人畏惧的任务。完成后，其他工作会显得更轻松，有助于减轻全天压力。

6. “看板管理法”
用“待办”“进行中”“已完成”三栏可视化追踪进度，适合视觉型工作者。通过便签或电子表格移动任务，能清晰掌握流程并积累完成成就感。

7. “时间盒管理法”
将全天活动（包括休息）像会议一样填入日历，为每项任务设定固定时段。结合“帕金森定律”——减少时间分配以提升专注度，并在间隙安排合理休息。

此外，经典的“番茄工作法”（25分钟工作+5分钟休息）与托尼·罗宾斯提出的“结果规划法”（通过三问明确目标、目的与行动计划）也因其简单有效，持续被许多人采用。

专家指出，没有放之四海皆准的方法，关键在于结合个人思维与工作模式进行尝试与调整。读者不妨从这些策略中选取最契合自身需求的一两种，迈出优化时间管理的第一步。

中文翻译：

一套高效的时间管理方法，能让你从杂乱无章、碌碌无为的状态，转变为高效充实、成就感满满的状态。正因如此，市面上才涌现出形形色色的时间管理技巧与策略。有些方法已流传百年，有些是普通人在改善生活的过程中偶然发现，还有些则出自潜心钻研的"效率专家"——他们甚至为此撰写了专著。

这些方法各有千秋——虽然优劣并无绝对标准。为帮助你找到最适合自己的方法，我精选了七种个人偏好的时间管理法进行解析。当然，这些仅代表我的偏好，市面上还有许多其他方法值得探索。建议选择与你思维模式和工作习惯（或拖延习惯）最契合的方法进行尝试。

"能量一小时"法
该方法源自艾德里安·赫伯特的著作《能量一小时：如何聚焦目标创造理想生活》，主张每天投入一小时专注处理最重要的任务或最关切的事项。有时这可能是影响深远的关键任务，比如填写求职申请或完成课业——此时你最关切的是自我提升的总体目标。有时则可能是需要专门投入时间的个人项目或热爱之事，这些事能提升生活品质、带来幸福感，并间接提高整体效率。关键在于真正坚持每日执行，必要时甚至需要为此调整日程安排。

我已将这套方法付诸实践并取得显著成效，以下是更详细的解析。

十分钟法则
这或许是我最常使用（或调整运用）的技巧。核心在于：当遇到琐碎、枯燥但耗时不超过十分钟的任务时，立即着手完成。听起来简单，实则不易——这类任务往往最容易被拖延，比如回复邮件或清洗餐具。克服拖延冲动、养成随时处理的习惯起初颇具挑战，但坚持下来会带来诸多益处。我在整理公寓时就运用此法：不依赖清洁清单或系统计划（虽然对很多人有效），而是发现需要处理的事务就立即行动。这样不仅高效完成任务，还能获得成就感与动力。自从践行此法，即使没有严格规划，我的住所始终保持着前所未有的整洁。

我常将此法与"再多一件"技巧结合使用：每完成小任务就问自己"还能再做一件吗？"。答案通常是肯定的，当感到力竭时便坦然休息。这种"非必须但可选择"的自主感往往能激发行动力。

以下是关于十分钟法则的详细解读。

"行动分类"效率法
这是我处理多项目并行时最青睐的方法之一。它将任务分为三类：行动步骤、参考资料和待办事项。用表格建立三列分类，将任务及相关注释、补充材料填入对应列，并根据进度动态调整——今天的待办事项可能明天就转为行动步骤。这种分类管理能帮助你始终聚焦最紧迫的任务。

以下是行动分类法的完整实施指南。（类似的"ABC分类法"中，A类代表必须完成的高优先级任务，B类为次要任务，C类则是低优先级事项。）

3-3-3效率法
该方法建议将每日规划为三个"三"：先用三小时深度处理最重要的项目，再完成三项耗时较短的紧急任务，最后处理三项维护性工作（如回复邮件或安排日程）。其有效性在于优先进行深度工作能快速进入状态、获得成就感，使后续任务更易推进。我在需要结构化安排的日子会采用此法，通常搭配MIT要事优先法（从任务对生活的影响程度判断优先级）或艾森豪威尔矩阵来分类待办事项。当面对大型项目不知如何着手时，将大任务拆解为"三小时深度工作+三项紧急任务+三项维护事项"的模式，能让一切变得井然有序。

以下是每日三分规划法的详细指南。

"吞青蛙"效率法
与3-3-3法类似，该方法要求每天首先处理最艰巨、最令人畏惧的任务。那些让你夜不能寐的耗时任务，就应该优先解决。它与"能量一小时"都强调尽早处理要事，但区别在于"青蛙"任务可能并非你最重要或最热爱的事项。攻克难关后，其他工作都会显得轻松许多。虽然倡导者多建议晨起即"吞青蛙"，但只要坚持尽早、主动、毫不犹豫地处理难题，任何时段都适用。关键在于通过优先解决难题来释放全天压力，为其他工作留出空间。我个人实践时会灵活调整：如果清洁厨房是当日最艰巨任务，不必起床立即执行，但会在下班或办事回家后第一时间处理——在对应场景中将其作为"首要事项"，能让当晚在家的时光更惬意。

以下是关于如何"吞下第一只青蛙"的实践指南。

看板效率法
该方法类似行动分类法，但要求将任务标注为"待处理""进行中""已完成"三类。用电子表格或便利贴看板管理效果最佳，通过三列分区直观展示进度。视觉型工作者会发现此法能彻底改变工作模式——既清晰呈现待办事项，又能在"已完成"区域堆积成果时获得满足感。

以下是看板效率法的实施指南。

时间盒效率法
适合视觉型和目标驱动型人群的另一种方法，要求为全天所有活动安排时间区块——从回复邮件、推进项目到享用零食都需纳入日程。使用谷歌日历等数字工具更为便捷，毕竟日常事务常有变动，数字日历比纸质计划本更易调整。但切忌因可随意拖拽而频繁偏离计划。此法的核心理念是：为每项任务分配恰如其分的时间，同时确保全天充实有序。实践中可结合其他技巧，例如运用帕金森定律——给任务分配的时间越多，实际耗时就越长，这会导致效率降低并影响其他工作。通过时间盒法，你应有意识地压缩各项任务时间，并在最终产生的空档中安排休息——适当的间歇同样是高效工作的关键。

以下是时间盒法的入门指南。

番茄工作法
这套经典方法经久不衰的秘诀在于其卓越效果：专注工作25分钟，短暂休息5分钟，每完成四个周期进行较长时间休息。规律的间歇能让你在25分钟的工作时段保持高度专注，休息则提供能量补给，如此循环直至任务完成。为最大化番茄工作法的效益，建议使用专用计时器，避免手机通知和应用的干扰。当然，特定应用也可能成为助力——我钟爱的Focus Pomo应用能在专注时段屏蔽其他程序。若多次尝试后效果不佳，不妨调整时段设置：标准的25+5模式适合多数人，但你可能需要更短或更长的工作/休息间隔。关键在于严格计时、坚持休息、并及时回归工作状态。

以下是番茄工作法的入门指南。

成果规划法
该方法由著名激励演说家托尼·罗宾斯设计，强调激励性、快速性和高效性。其英文缩写RPM既代表快速规划法，也揭示了每日规划的核心：以成果为导向，以目标为驱动，围绕"核心行动计划"展开。

每日晨间或每周初坚持自问三个问题：
我想要什么？
我的目标是什么？
我需要做什么/我的核心行动计划是什么？

通过这种方式，你能更紧密地连接个人使命，并充满干劲地立即执行第三问的答案，而非耗费大量时间纠结该如何安排时间。

英文来源：

A good productivity method can mean the difference between a disorganized, unfulfilling day and one during which you get a lot done and feel great about it. That tradeoff is why so many of these methods, techniques, and hacks exist. Some are over 100 years old, some were accidentally discovered by everyday people looking to improve their lives, and some come from self-styled gurus who publish entire books on their findings.
And some are better than others—though maybe not objectively. To find the one that works best for you, take a look through this guide to seven of my favorites. Notably, these are the ones I like, but there are plenty out there for you to consider, too. Try one that sounds like a strong match for how you think and work (or try to avoid work).
The "Power Hour" method
The idea of a "Power Hour" comes from Adrienne Herbert’s book, Power Hour: How to Focus on Your Goals and Create a Life You Love and asks you to devote an hour a day to working hard on your biggest task—or the thing you care about the most. Sometimes, this is a must-do task that will have major ramifications for your life, like filling out job applications or working on homework. In that case, what you care about most is your overall goal of improvement. Other times, it might be a personal project or passion that you want to carve out time to pursue, which will enhance your life, make you feel happier, and make you more productive that way. The trick is committing—truly committing—to taking that hour every day, upending your schedule if necessary.
Here's my fuller rundown of the approach, which I have started putting into practice in my own life with great results.
The 10-minute rule
Of all the techniques on the list, this might be the one I use (or adapt) most often. Essentially, when there's a small, mundane, or tedious task that doesn't excite you, but won't take more than 10 minutes to do, you just do it. Just do it. That's it. It sounds easy, but it's not, since these are also those tasks you're more likely to put off and ignore, like answering emails or doing the dishes. Fighting against that impulse, committing to just doing these things when you think of them, and then getting them done is hard at first, but becomes a habit over time—and it's one with a lot of benefits. I do this when I'm cleaning my apartment. Instead of laboring over some cleaning checklist or structured plan (which is helpful for a lot of people), I just take on a task when I notice it needs to be done. Then, not only does it simply get done, which is the point, but I feel a sense of motivation and contentment. Since I started doing this, my home has never been cleaner, even though I'm not following any strict guidelines besides "just do it."
I also couple this with another favorite—the "one more" trick, which involves asking yourself, "Can I do one more?" every time you finish a small task. The answer is usually yes and when it becomes no, you give yourself the grace to stop. Just knowing you don't have to, but you can do something can be motivating enough.
Here's a longer explainer on the 10-minute rule.
The “Action Method” of productivity
This method is one of my favorites for keeping on task when I’m juggling multiple projects. It calls on you to organize your tasks into three categories: Action steps, references, and back-burners. Once you’ve done that, you put it all into a spreadsheet with those three categories as the column headers. You slot tasks into each column alongside notes, supplemental material, and whatever else you need—and move them around as they change their designations, as what is a back-burner today might be an action step tomorrow. Organizing it all this way helps you keep on top of the most pressing needs.
Here’s a full explanation of how to employ the Action Method. (The “ABC” method is very similar, with “A” tasks being must-do and high-priority, “B” tasks being should-do activities, and “C” tasks being low-priority ones.)
The 3-3-3 productivity method
Using this technique, you aim to plan your day in threes: Spend your first three hours engaging in deep work on your most important project, then complete three other urgent tasks that require less time, and then do three “maintenance” tasks, like answering emails or scheduling other work. This method works because you do your deep, focused work up-front, which gets you in the zone and gives you a sense of accomplishment and makes tackling the stuff afterward easier. I like this one on days I need a touch of structure. I use a prioritization method—usually MIT, which forces me to think of my responsibilities in terms of the impact they'll have on my life, but sometimes one like the Eisenhower matrix—to figure out which category all of my to-dos belong in, then follow the guidelines to make sure they all get done. I typically pull this one out when I have a big project and am struggling to think of how I'll get it all done. Even breaking one large task down into three hours of hard work, three urgent components, and three "maintenance" tasks helps everything flow a little easier.
Here’s a guide to planning your day in threes.
The “Eat the Frog” productivity method
Similar to 3-3-3, the “Eat the Frog” method invites you to tackle work on your biggest, scariest, wartiest task first thing in the morning. Whatever time-intensive task that has kept you up at night is, that’s what you should do first. It's similar to Power Hour in that you're supposed to do it early in the day, but different in that this may not be your most important or passion-fueled project. After that, everything else should be easier. While most proponents argue you should “eat the frog” as soon as you wake up, this method can work on any schedule as long as you commit to jumping into the hard thing early, enthusiastically, and without hesitation, thus freeing up the rest of your day for other work and lowering your overall stress level. When I use this one, I specify it a little more. If cleaning my kitchen is the most demanding task of the day, that doesn't mean I should do it the second I wake up, but when I get home from work or errands. It wouldn't make sense to postpone leaving for the day to do that, but it does make sense to turn it into the "first thing" I do when I'm in the relevant space, as it makes the rest of my time in the home for the evening better.
Here’s a guide to eating your first frog, so to speak.
The Kanban productivity method
Kanban is similar to the Action Method but requires you to label your tasks as to-do, doing, and done. It works best when managed in a spreadsheet or even on a big board with sticky notes, but you need the three columns so you can move whatever is completed into your “done” pile and anything that still needs doing into “to-do.” If you’re a visual person, this is going to be a game-changer, as it helps you easily see what needs to be done, and gives you some satisfaction when you see what you’ve already accomplished piling up under “done.”
Here’s a guide to implementing the Kanban productivity method.
The timeboxing productivity method
Another trick for the visually inclined and motivated, timeboxing requires you to schedule your entire day. Every activity, from answering emails, to working on a big project, to eating a snack, should go on your calendar. It’s much easier to use a digital calendar, like Google Calendar, for this, since so much of the average day is subject to change and it’s simpler to move things around there than in a physical planner, but try not to deviate from the schedule too much just because deviation is a drag-and-drop away. The idea behind this method is that it allows you to plan to devote exactly as much time to each task as you need to complete it while still filling your entire day with activity. There are a lot of tricks that go along with this one, and once you start, you may go down the productivity technique rabbit hole. For instance, Parkinson's Law dictates that the more time you give yourself to work on something, the longer you'll naturally take—which makes you less productive by reducing the quality of your work over time and stopping you from working on other things. With timeboxing, you can and should practice cutting off time from all your boxes, giving yourself less time to work overall. In the gaps you ultimately create, don't forget to take a break. Those are also essential to productivity.
Here’s a guide to getting started with timeboxing.
The Pomodoro productivity technique
This is an old standby that has withstood the test of time because it works so well: Work for 25 minutes on a task, take a short break of about five minutes, and work for 25 minutes again. Every time you complete four 25-minute cycles, take a longer break. This gets you into the groove of working hard in those 25-minute bursts, since you know a little reprieve is coming. The break recharges you and you get back at it, over and over again, until your job is complete. To maximize the benefits of Pomodoro, get a specialized timer so you don't have to set alarms on your phone and can work without glancing at it and all its distracting apps. On the other hand, an app might be just what you need. I love Focus Pomo, a Pomodoro technique-specific app that blocks all your other ones during "focus sessions." If you're not finding this approach helpful after a few consistent attempts, don't be afraid to adapt it, either. The standard 25 minutes on and five off work well for a lot of people, but you might need shorter or longer work or break sessions. What matters most is that you time them out, commit to taking breaks, and then commit to getting back at it.
Here’s a guide to getting started with the Pomodoro method.
The Results Planning Method (RPM)
This technique comes from famed motivational speaker Tony Robbins, who designed it to be motivational, fast, and efficient. Not only does does the acronym stand for Rapid Planning Method, but it can also serve as a guide to what your day should look like: Results-oriented, purpose-driven, and built around a "massive action plan."
Consistently—every morning or week—ask yourself these three questions:
What do I want?
What is my purpose?
What do I need to do/What is my massive action plan?
By doing this, you connect more to your mission and get more energized about getting to work right away on the answer to the third question, rather than spending a bunch of time deliberating about what you should or shouldn't be doing with your time.